ACTIVE & PASIVE

REFERENSI :
English grammar-stacy A. hagen
Modern English-marcella frank
english grammar-angela downing
Modul bahasa inggris-swastanto wahyu S.Pd
Panduan pendalaman materi bahasa inggris-Eneng sinarti S.Pd
Catetan selama pembelajaran

ACTIVE & PASSIVE FORM

Kalimat Aktif adalah Kalimat yang subjeknya melakukan pekerjaan atau melakukan perbuatan dimana Subjeknya sebagai pelaku, subjeknya melakukan pekerjaan terhadap objek,
Kalimat Pasif adalah kalimat yang subjeknya dikenai pekerjaan atau dikenai perbuatan, objek dilakui pekerjaan oleh subjek, kalimat yang subjectnya dikenai suatu tindakan

# Langkah-langkah untuk Mengubah Kalimat Aktif ke dalam Kalimat Pasif
  Identifikasi unsure subyek, predikat, dan obyek dalam kalimat aktif;
  Bila unsure obyek yang digunakan da kalimat aktif kata ganti orang, ubahlah bentuk kata ganti orang sebagai obyek ke dalam bentuk kata ganti orang sebagai subyek;
  Pindahkan unsur obyek dari kalimat aktif ke letak unsur subyek pada kalimat pasif;
  Bila perlu, pindahkan unsure subyek ke letak unsur agent (by …);
  Sesuaikan bentuk unsur predikat dengan subyek (agreement) menurut jenis tense yang digunakan;
  Ubahlah bentuk unsur predikat kalimat aktif ke dalam bentuk unsur predikat kalimat pasif menurut tense yang digunakan.

ACTIVE – PASIVE
1.Simple present (S+V1) - tobe (is/am/are) + V3
Example :
Maya cooks the rice everyday – the rice is cooked by maya everyday
Caca mails the letters to my office – the letters are mailed to my office
Anis read the novel tonight – the novel is read by anis tonight
Mother sew the dress – the dress is sewn by mother
Nina tear the paper – the paper is torn by nina

2.Present continous (S+TOBE+Ving) – Tobe+being+V3
Example :
Cica is buying that book – that book is being bought by Cica
Rian is spelling the word – the word is being spelt by Rian
Teacher is teaching the student in the class – the student are being taught by teacher in the class
We are opening the door right now – the door is being opened by us right now
Bobi is cuting the grass in the garden – the grass is being cuted by bobi in the garden

3.Present perfect (S+HAS/HAVE+V3) – have/has + been +V3
Example :
They have hunted some rabbits – some rabbits have been hunted by them
Rini has bought that bag – that bag has been bought by Rini
Dina has returned all mybooks – all my books have been returned by dina
Tina has swept the floor – the floor has been swept by Tina
They have upset the wall – the wall has beeb upset by us

4.Simple past (S+V2) – tobe (was/were)+V3
Example :
Tia made that pie – that pie was made by Tina
Tio stole the money yesterday – the money was stolen by tio yesterday
Mother wove the cloth – the cloth was woven by mother
Via wrote letter for Tito in America – Letter was written by Via in America
Ria told the love story – the love story was told by Ria

5.Past continous ( s+was/were+Ving) – (was/were)+being+V3
Example ;
Inna was recording our conversation – our conversation was being recorded by inna
Jia was sweeping the floor – the floor was being swept by jia
They were hunting some rabbtis – some rabbits were being hunted by them
Mom was cooking soup – the soup was being cooked by mom
Febri was reading the book – the book was being read by febri

6.Past perfect ( s+had+V3) – had + been + V3
Example :
Dina had returned all my books – all my books had been returned by dina
Mia had sold the pie – the pie had been sold by mia
Vian had found handphone in the walk – handphone had been found by Vian in the walk
Tini had brought the notebook – the notebook had been brought by Tini
Vina had bought the shoes in mall – the shoes had been bought by Vina in mall